Use of Phrasal Verbs by Arab Writers in English Essay

Utilization of Phrasal Verbs by Arab Writers in English - Essay Example This paper delineates that Arab students of English abstain from utilizing the phrasal action words due to the degree of trouble just as to related with grasping the dubious convoluted colloquial implications of phrasal action words. Numerous Several analysts, for example, Klienmann, Chiang, Dagut, and Laufer upheld the cases by made by Schachter that second language students abstain from utilizing phrasal action words in light of the fact that the trouble that students experience when utilizing the phrasal action words. Since this paper explores whether Arab students of English utilize less phrasal action words than English essayists, the scientist chose to contrast with two arrangements of writings from two unique journalists. The specialist experienced issues gathering these writings since he needed to discover ongoing articles. The creator went over some American and Saudi papers, for example, Saudi Gazette, Arab news, Asharq Alawsat, Yew New York Post, the Daily Time and the CNN . The analyst at long last chose to pick two essayists from a Saudi paper and another from the CNN. The primary author is a Saudi essayist, named Mshari Al-Zaydi who composes political articles in Asharq Alawsat Saudi paper and the other essayist is an American essayist, named Peter Hamby, who additionally composes political articles in the CNN. The specialist gathered 10 articles composed by Mshari Al-Zaydi and other 10 composed by Peter Hamby. The length of the picked articles length shifted from 400 to 800 words which were later on altered to a surmised 300 words article.

My Life as an Aquarious

MY LIFE AS AN AQUARIOUS Astrology accentuation is on space and development of the sun, moon and planets in the sky through every one of the zodiac signs. From the perspective of earth, the sun seems to move along a roundabout circle over the heavenly circle ;( 12a/20) there are sun signs and moon signs, which both relies upon your date of birth. The signs are separated in to twelve distinct signs, and every one of them twelve have their own importance and portrayal to the person that was conceived in that specific zodiac sign. Being conceived on January, 24 my zodiac sign that characterizes (7c) me is Aquarius. It has a nature of being autonomous, inviting and compassionate ;( 12a/20) these all are the characteristics that can be found in me. The main nature of Aquarius is being autonomous; any endeavor to hold him (11b) down or confine him will influence him, to escape. He should be liberated to be all alone. Autonomy isn't simply wanted by Aquarius, it is fundamental to his prosperity. This applies (7C) to me in a major way ;( 12c) beginning from my childhood,(19a) I generally needed to be autonomous and to be disregarded to attempt to make sense of things myself. After mid school I needed to enroll for secondary school immediately, and my folks was not accessible that day; I couldn’t hang tight for the following day, so I went to the school alone to enlist, and the recorder office sent me home, and I needed to return with my dad the following day. I was out from home when am 18 and had a vocation, a house and was bringing in my own cash, doing all the choices (2h) myself. Aquarius is viewed as autonomous/separated at this point amicable. Despite the fact that we as an Aquarius like (7C) to be autonomous or some should seriously mull over us disengaged, (19a) we are likewise benevolent, which drives me to my second nature of Aquarius being well disposed. Without expecting anything as a byproduct of this could discourage his(11b) opportunity; he(11b) live without any strings he love to make individuals giggle and cheer individuals up and it causes them to feel great to cause others to feel great. They are flighty and in every case loaded with fervor ;( 20a) an Aquarius companion consistently makes life fun. I like to have some good times, causing individuals to feel notwithstanding, brightening individuals up and helping a companion n need. At the point when one of my companions from secondary school, had his vehicle stalled in the street on his approach to away; he had gone far when his vehicle halted, and he called me, I needed to pardon myself from work, and drive right to away and get him. Obviously I don’t do this considering what that individual may state or do consequently ;(20a/12a) it’s sort of the way I am,(12b) however I notice my companions wanting to associate with me and making the most of my company;(20/12a) I even recall my companions calling me and ensuring I come to hang out ith them as they generally referenced to me that they like for me to be there on the grounds that I carry a ton of enjoyable to the table. At the point when I moved on from secondary school I was arranged in the entertaining individuals of the bundle. The other quality I have as an Aquarius is being a philanthropic person. In light of the Aquarius Astrological profile, he is (11b) well on the way to be philanthropic, which is somewhat associated with my first point helping individuals causing to feel individuals better consoling them. 12a/20a) There are even extraordinary compassionate people brought into the world under this zodiac sign like Oprah winfrey our most prominent philanthropic lady, and I for one like helping other people. My absolute first activity directly out of arrangement was in a nongovernmental association which helps ladies and kids in an extremely country part of Ethiopia which is situated in Africa ;(20a/12b) we actually convey to their home a great deal of materials, for example, class kickoff supplies for understudies (19i)who can’t manage the cost of garments, helping them with medications. Our associations additionally ensure that there is in any event one center in an area so the moms don’t need to endure during conceiving an offspring. While my companions needed to remain on the urban communities and work an ordinary activity, I then again, was so happy to engage with this kind of association. (20a/12b)It fills my heart with joy pass by simple and the fulfillment was inestimable ,(20/12b)and now when I become acquainted with about my zodiac sign, everything makes sense:(24d)it’s in my blood. It’s truly astonishing the amount you can go and the amount you can know whether you set your focus on it. I(2h) am extremely appreciative to think about my zodiac sign and what it truly implied for me by and by. (20a/12b)Writing this exposition makes(7c) me understand the things that I didn’t comprehend for quite a while, (19b)and now I know why I settle on the choices that I bode well at this point. It doesn’t (7c) must be comparative with my companions or kin since I am my own individual, (19b) and I carry on with my life as per me.  « Aquarius  » by Mesfin

Management Practice for Malaysiaan palm Oil Production

Question: Examine about the Management Practice for Malaysiaan palm Oil Production. Answer: Presentation: The investigation of the board has immensely developed in the ongoing occasions because of expanded and nonstop progression in the field of advances and managing an increasingly refined and taught workforce. The board concentrate essentially centers around the HR associated with an association or business. The palm oil creation in Malaysia has impressively expanded throughout the years. As per a report, there has been 16.9 million tons of palm oil creation in 2010. The Malaysian palm oil industry is effectively ready to fulfill the neighborhood requests for oil and fats, though the overabundance creations are being exported[1]. The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) is the preeminent government office that has been doled out with the duty of serving the business of Malaysian palm oil. There essential center is to create and advance the countrys targets, needs and approaches for the development of the Malaysian palm oil industry. MPOB was set up on first May, 2000 and was incorporated by an Act of Parliament (ACT 582). It was framed by consolidating two existing offices, Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia and the Palm Oil Registration and authorizing Authority[2]. A Study on Management: The board of an association fundamentally relies upon the directors who give direction and headings in an organization, regardless of whether private and open and in organizations. Proficient administrators are viewed as an esteemed asset in created nations, though in creating nations they are the most required resources[3]. Proficient administrators can successfully co-ordinate and join different assets accessible in a nation, for example, human asset, capital and other regular assets. The administration of an association helps in the monetary improvement of a nation by joining together the four components of creation, they are, individuals, cash, machines and material. As per Peter Drucker, without a successful administration the assets of a nation can never be changed over into item or services[4]. Meaning of Manager and Their Skills: Directors can be characterized as that person who have the dynamic force and plays out all the administrative capacities. They speak to just a little piece of the complete number of representatives present in an organisation[5] . It is their duty to direct their subordinates and plan compelling arrangements and methodology so as to satisfy hierarchical objective. As indicated by Robert L.Kartz, successful administration relies upon three fundamental sorts of abilities, they are[6] - Specialized Skill alludes to the chiefs aptitude in the usage of instruments and methods as per his territory of specialization. Human Skill it alludes to the capacity to propel and speak with individuals successfully. Here individuals incorporate associates, subordinates, bosses and different partners. Reasonable Skill this alludes to the directors mental capacity to consider plans and adequately execute and actualize them so as to accomplish hierarchical objectives. MPOB - Planning: Arranging is the top most capacity in the act of the executives, which is trailed by sorting out, driving and controlling. It alludes to the way toward setting targets and creating systems and intends to accomplish those goals[7] . Plans must be able to change, along these lines they should be adaptable enough to adjust to changing circumstance with no undue expense. Since conditions are variable, subsequently an arrangement must have the option to accommodate the same number of possibilities as possible[8]. The Malaysian Palm Oil Board means to turn into the preeminent association by delivering establishments for innovative work and simultaneously by giving driving force and authority to the development of a worth included, profoundly differed, reasonable and all around serious palm oil industry. They likewise focus on the flourishing of Malaysian Palm Oil industry through turn of events, explore and magnificent administrations. So as to satisfy their objective, they have figured systems that centers around the[9] - improvement and development of the present use of palm oil item find imaginative utilizations for the item improving the creation and nature of the item boost use of land in the territories developing palm trees advancing the use, utilization and attractiveness of palm oil. So as to satisfy these procedures the MPOB has set down ceratin compelling arrangements that would thusly decide the countrys monetary development. These strategies are[10] they adjusted solid industry and market situated turn of events and research programs they forcefully attempted corporate greed and move of innovations to make a functioning association with open and private segments for usage and development of innovation to reinforce their exploration joint effort and global association to advance mindfulness on a worldwide scale, request and gratefulness for Malaysian palm oil and items MPOB is subsidized essentially from the cess that has been forced on the association for the creation of palm oil and palm portion oil. Besides, the administration likewise allots financial plan to MPOB, to subsidize ventures for formative reason and endorsed inquire about activities under the Intensification of Research in Priority territories (IRPA) programme[11]. MPOB - The Organizational Structure: Associations are comprised of individuals who work and convey inside the framework, people who share a typical arrangement of intrigue and qualities and work together so as to accomplish their basic goal or objective. Associations are portrayed by the individuals or workers of the association, their shared objective or goals and the structure they figure to accomplish those destinations. Authoritative structure shifts across various associations. There are essentially five sorts of hierarchical structure, they are, line, line and staff, unadulterated practical, line and useful staff, council, team and the lattice association. The MPOB follows the panel authoritative structure. Advisory groups unite a gathering of people whose thoughts give answer for a particular or various problems[12]. Advisory group encourages participation and coordination inside an association and is in this way getting progressively significant. The accomplishment of the board of trustees anyway at last relies upon able initiative. The Board Members of MPOB contains a Chairman, agents from the business and the Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities selects government and the Director-General of MPOB. The Board assumes a huge position of authority in giving direction to the association. There are different advisory groups serve the Board in the accompanying areas[13] The Program Advisory Committee contains presumed researchers and specialists from the nation and abroad. They give suggestions on explore exercises dependent on yearly assessment for the Boards consideration[14]. The Task of Organizing: The assignment of sorting out basically includes building up a structure or system of jobs for various people in an association. This implies all the undertaking of an association that should be done so as to satisfy authoritative objectives must be allocated to fitting individuals who have the necessary abilities and are effective enough play out those errands successfully[15]. Enumerating of Work - each association is set up so as to accomplish explicit objectives. This is viewed as the errand of an association. The assignment of MPOB is to improve the development of Malaysian palm oil industry through advancement , explore and brilliant administrations. Division of Work - the work must be appointed cautiously relying upon the capability and the abilities controlled by the staff individuals. There must likewise be a reasonable dissemination of work among its individuals. Departmentalisation - alludes to the way toward gathering or portioning related exercises, errands and units of an association. Co-appointment of Work - alludes to the way toward bringing together the expanded works of the staff individuals and simultaneously keeping up a co-appointment between different divisions, which would help in the satisfaction of authoritative objectives. Checking and Re-sorting out Work - since getting sorted out is a constant procedure, consequently a trough must survey the authoritative structure at customary interims. It must be adaptable with the goal that powerful and productive activity can be achieved. This errand of arranging can be all around saw in the structure of MPOB. The administration and organization of MPOB is the obligation of the Director-General, bolstered by Deputy Director-General (Services) and Deputy Director-General (Research and Development). The exercises of MPOB are likewise partitioned into eight divisions, which are going by Directors[16]. Initiative: Initiative includes the procedure of viably managing individuals and impacting them to accomplish both individual and authoritative objectives. As indicated by Richard L.Daft, the idea of authority continues advancing with the changing needs of the association. In an association, the pioneer centers around setting the mission, vision and accomplishing authoritative targets and objectives, where as chiefs centers around effectiveness and efficiency. Initiative is a urgent factor of compelling administration system[17] . The presentation of the administration under the oversight of chiefs turns out to be increasingly powerful when it has the component of compelling authority added to it. The Board of MPOB assumes a main job in giving direction and bearing to the office. The Mininster of Plantation Industries and Commodities choose all the individuals from the Board, which includes the Chairman, delegates from the business and the legislature and the Director-General of MPOB. A few councils serve the Board in different fields. Controlling: One of the most significant elements of the association is the ability to control. Controlling includes the way toward surveying the variety betwe

Financial Statements Paper Part II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Budget summaries Paper Part II - Essay Example here has been no decrease in value of the organization in year 2009 when contrasted and year 2008 so decrease under water value proportion and obligation proportion is credited to bring down obligation segment in year 2009. Lower obligation value proportion diminishes the danger of the organization during troublesome time as saw after the budgetary emergency of 2008. Significant effect in the Home Depot’s execution has come as intrigue inclusion that has decreased in 2009 to simply 6.98 occasions from the a lot more secure inclusion of 22.6 occasions in year 2008. This has additionally diminished its ability to get more assets for business development. Undoubtedly, the organization detailed deals of $77.3 billion of every 2008; it has diminished to $71.228 billion out of 2009. The company’s deals are in descending patterns. It is evident that the company’s organizations have been influenced by the monetary downturn that set in after money related emergency in 2008-09. This decrease in income has additionally influenced its arrival on resources that diminished fundamentally to 5.34% in year 2009 from 9.9% enlisted in 2008. Post 9/11 administrative condition relating to data security has been very thorough. No organization can stand to bargain with representative, client and friends information. Clients depend immensely on the organization the executives and accept that their own data and information won't get abused or bargained. The facts confirm that any misappropriation of client, worker or organization information could jeopardize their notoriety fundamentally coming about into money related misfortunes separated from confronting claims by the influenced individuals. Zoning guidelines forestall utilization of property in a specific way. Zoning guidelines mean fitting in with neighborhood land and building guidelines and lead organizations adjusting to nearby laws. Zoning guidelines additionally forces certain conditions, for example, giving sufficient stopping offices, timing of tasks for working together exercises. In this way, zoning laws may affect the business exercises of the company’s store in

To Do vs. To Make

To Do versus To Make To Do versus To Make To Do versus To Make By Maeve Maddox Calling attention to that a few dialects, similar to Russian, have just a single action word to communicate the implications of English make and do, a peruser demands a little direction: If it's not too much trouble would you be able to clarify the distinction between the action words â€Å"to do† and â€Å"to make.† Is there a recipe or technique? Would that I could propose some idiot proof guideline for realizing when to utilize do and when to utilize make. Some broad rules do exist, however for a significant number of the sayings, remembrance is the ESL speaker’s just plan of action. As a rule, the action word do and its structures are utilized to discuss obligations, occupations, or relaxation exercises: Britain expects that each man will perform his responsibility. Who does your hair? He’s serving time for ambush. She can’t do what's necessary for that lay-about spouse of hers. Jake does the crossword each morning on the train. Have you gotten your work done? The action word make is utilized to discuss building, making, or performing something: The organization has made a proposal on another structure. Reason me while I make a call. The kid scowled behind the teacher’s back. The manufacturers are gaining ground on the house. Time is running out; we should settle on a choice at this point. We attempted to move without making a commotion. It’s conceivable to utilize do with a verb modifier: I trust he will do well there. He did severely in his last occupation. Make is normally trailed by a thing: make the bed present appropriate reparations commit an error make a visit deliver a discourse Special cases are the expressions â€Å"to make nice† (act in a pleasing way), and â€Å"to make do† (coexist with what one has†): His mom instructed him to make pleasant with the neighbor’s youngsters. As we haven’t the cash for another vehicle, we will need to manage with this one. A considerable number of articulations that are utilized with make can be reworded with action words that compare to the thing that follows make or with another action word: to make an admission > to admit to make a visit > to visit to make a recommendation > to propose to scowl > to frown to pretend > to envision Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Expressions class, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Comparative Forms of Adjectives25 Russian Words Used in English (and 25 More That Should Be)Neither... or on the other hand?

Ruth DeFries and Jeffrey Sachs Named University Professors COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Ruth DeFries and Jeffrey Sachs Named University Professors COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Great news! SIPAs Director of the Earth Institute, Jeffrey D. Sachs, and his  colleague  Ruth DeFriesh  have  been named University Professors, the highest rank our faculty can receive. You can read the complete announcement from Columbia University President  Lee C. Bollinger below. Dear fellow members of the Columbia community: I am pleased to announce my appointments of Ruth DeFries and Jeffrey Sachs as our newest University Professors, the highest rank Columbia bestows on its faculty.   It is fitting that Professors DeFries and Sachs receive this honor in tandem, as they are two of the world’s foremost scholars investigating how to ensure a sustainable future for our planet.   As is always true, but especially so here, by recognizing their many contributions through this honor, we also strengthen their, and our, capacity to serve the entire Columbia community and the world. Professor DeFries is Denning Family Professor of Sustainable Development and Co-director of the Undergraduate Program in Sustainable Development at Columbia’s Earth Institute.   Her scholarship is committed to nothing less than understanding the changes experienced by the planet over the course of human existence.   Professor DeFries’s institutional leadership led to the creation of several innovative Earth Institute programs, and her public advocacy is responsible for advances around the world concerning climate change, food and water insecurity, and nature conservation.   She was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2006 and the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2008.   In 2007, Professor DeFries received a Fulbright Award for Research in India and a MacArthur Fellowship. Professor Sachs, Quetelet Professor of Sustainable Development and Professor of Health Policy and Management, is a peerless economist who has dedicated his life to building a sustainable future and reducing global poverty.   He came to Columbia in 2002 to serve as Director of the Earth Institute.   Under his leadership, the Institute became the world’s premier institution for research, teaching, and public outreach regarding earth sciences and sustainable development.   As the longtime Special Advisor to the United Nations Secretary-General, Professor Sachs oversaw the adoption and implementation of the Millennium Development Goals as well as the Sustainable Development Goals agreed to last year.   He is Director of the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, which convenes at Columbia and at our Global Center in Europe, under the auspices of Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. I know we all join in congratulating Professor Ruth DeFries and Professor Jeffrey Sachs on their many achievements and on becoming Columbia’s newest University Professors. Sincerely, Lee C. Bollinger

Complimentary Antagonists How Don Quixote and Sancho Panza Construct Their Own Reality - Literature Essay Samples

Don Quixote is among the most influential novels ever written. It explores a myriad of imperative themes that profoundly effect human nature. Such gargantuan themes include the shifting boundaries of truth and illusion, how society views justice and morality, and the eternal quest for love. Yet, underling all of these paramount themes are the interactions and follies of two seemingly simple, yet sensationally labyrinthine characters. Don Quixote and Sancho Panza are, perhaps, the most convoluted, and at the same time, lucid main characters within literature. Both of these characters are present in every one of us, we all posses the conflicting qualities found in Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. Miguel De Cervantes Saavedra carefully constructs these two characters to personify both the basic human themes of idealism and realism, and has them underscore and epitomize the larger question of reality. Cervantes makes evident the maturation and mutations of real life people, while satir izing chivalry and traditional epic form. Cervantes is able to take fairly basic situations, and elevate them to epic proportions with the use of Don Quixotes imagination. These epic stories differ from the traditional epic stories of Homer and Virgil, in that, the heroes in this novel fail. In Virgils Aeneid, Aeneas is glorified throughout the epic. Cervantes strives to show that this glorious life is impossible for a real life human. Cervantes clearly displays his two heroes failing, occasionally succeeding, and more importantly, he shows them changing.Don Quixote is an extremely complex character, emblematized by his skewed notions of reality‹the world as nothing he did prize (Cervantes 939). Throughout the novel he sees the world only in the mirror of his beloved chivalric romances. He thinks that flocks of sheep are an enemy army, that seedy inns are if fact magnificent castles, that unattractive and overweight women are princesses, and that windmills are actually gi ants. However, through out all of his constructed actions he maintains an extremely high spirit and courage‹regardless of how backwards it may be. Perhaps most consequentially, the Don is a fantastic idealist, who views all things within the clouded telescope of his very own magnanimous preconceptions. Perchance Don Quixote is insane? Yet Cervantes builds the Don to force the reader to constantly challenge what is real and what is just the dream of a senile old Spaniard. Sancho Panza is Don Quixotes fundamental opposite. In almost every regard, they are so unlike each other. Sancho serves as the Dons squire. With his peasant wit, common sense, and proverbial speech‹he is the antithesis of his irrational master. At first recognition it seems that Sancho is a simple man, illiterate and content with such simplicities as eating and drinking, yet still maintaining his sense of what is reality and what is fiction is. Even the physical appearances of the two counter each oth er‹with Quixote tall and thin, and Sancho short and fat. Don Quixote and Sancho Panza learn from each other throughout the novel. Quixote has the unrealistic visions of earlier epic heroes, while Sancho appears to be the pillar of sanity. However, Sancho is always quick to support any of Quixotes visions. In fact, Quixote and Panza learn so much from each other that throughout the novel, both characters seem to be rubbing off‹little by little, on each other. By the end of the novel the two characters, in effect, fuse into each other, with the Don spitting out proverbs, and Sancho obsessing over the chivalric code. A prime example of the two characters, and their primarily antagonistic interaction is clearly portrayed in chapter XXI of part I. Don Quixote mistakes a barber and his basin for a sought after golden helmet. Sancho first thinks to tell Quixote the truth, but then resists, allowing Quixote to thrive in his chivalrous and errant fancies (Cervantes 162). Why ! That is Mambrinos helmet, said Don Quixote. Stand aside and leave me to deal with him. You will see how, so as to save time, I shall complete this adventure without uttering a word, and the helmet I have so much desired will be mine (Cervantes 161). Don Quixote views the world in which he resides as a continual adventure‹with palaces, and armies, and maidens. This is a direct result of him attempting to pattern his life in accordance with the events of the chivalrous books that he was born out of. When Sancho hears Quixote call the basin a golden helmet he began to laugh, knowing that Quixotes imagination had taken over to a once again ridiculous state. Yet, when Don Quixote asks Sancho at what are you laughing at? (Cervantes 162), Sancho eloquently covers his error with the corrective excuse of:It makes me laugh, he replied, to think what a bighead that pagan must have had, who owned that head-piece. Its like nothing so much as a barbers basin. Just like it, it is (C ervantes 162).Don Quixote, fully aware that this basin was not actually a golden helmet, chooses to use his imagination to dream up an adventure. Much of this can be attributed to his previous readings of many chivalrous books, for he seeks a sort of refuge inside the imaginary world of these books. From this, it could be said that Don Quixote is quite mad. However, Quixote can not be judged like a regular human being, but rather as an irrational and delusional meta-individual (Rosenburg, lecture). In Quixotes world, this basin truly is the lost golden helmet of Mambrino. This vision is as realistic to Quixote as the fact that the helmet is truly a barbers basin is to Sancho. Sancho at fist, mildly mocks Quixote, but then decides to play along. Both of these characters personalities are antagonistic of each other; however, they serve to influence one another. It must be remembered that the two characters work as a unit and are constantly changing. Don Quixote views the world in which he resides as a continual adventure‹with palaces, and armies, and maidens. This is a direct result of him attempting to pattern his life in accordance with the events of the chivalrous books that he was born out of. Sancho serves as the check to the fictitious persona of the Don. This is exemplified with another exchange within chapter XXI.Upon obtaining the brass basin, Sancho Panza is considering taking the dapple-grey steed that looks like a grey ass (Cervantes 164). With this suggestion, Don Quixote immediately analyzes the situation in terms of the codes of chivalry:It is not my custom, said Don Quixote, to plunder those who I conquer, nor is it the usage of chivalry to take their horses and leave them to go on foot, unless the victor has lost his own mount in the fight, in which case it is lawful for him to take the beaten knights as won in fair combat. Therfore, Sancho, leave the horse, or ass, or whatever you would have it to be (Cervantes 164)Sancho, of c ourse, humors the Don after his speech, yet remains realistic in his desire to obtain a new ass, by again telling the Don that, Really the laws of chivalry are very strict, if they dont even stretch to letting one ass be swapped for another (Cervantes 164). This interchange further illustrates the antagonistic, yet at the same time, symbiotic relationship of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. They are both dependent upon one another, yet in exactly converse fashions. Later in the novel, Sancho Panza and Don Quixote adjust their mentalities so drastically, that in some instances they seem to switch personalities. Chapter LXXIV in part II of the novel seems to best elucidate this. In a stark transition from the beginning of the novel, and from the original characterization prescribed by Cervantes, Sancho Panza becomes the one thriving in chivalrous and errant fancies (Cervantes 162). Sancho becomes the ridiculous one by attempting to convince Don Quixote, while on his death bed, that he should continue to be a knight errant. Dont be lazy, look you, but get out of bed, and lets go out into the fields dressed as shepards, as we decided to do. Perhaps we shall find the lady Dulcinea behind some hedge, disenchanted and as pretty as a picture (Cervantes 937)This death scene displays Don Quixotes change as well. Quixote leaves his fantastic world after realizing that his life had been a ridiculous one. He becomes frantic to prove, before his death, that he is now sane. He recognizes the fact that he has learned from his mistake of indulging too deep into the world of fantastic chivalry. Acknowledging this bitter truth about himself, Don Quixote denies his past madness in a final affirmation that life is a complete dream and that death is the moment of reality. Only then can the Don die completely. Don Quixote, who admidst the compassionate tears of all present gave up the ghost‹that is to say, died (Cervantes 939).Through Cervantes construction and decons truction of both Don Quixote and Sancho Panza, a newfound notion of what it is to be human is reached. With idealistic aspirations and visions, and realistic measures to keep them countered, it seems that anything is possible. The Dons and Sanchos recognition of these goals, as out of reach as some of them were, proved to be essential to their realization that to be human and not archetypes, it is imperative to change. Quixote and Sancho turn out to be real characters, their faults and actions resemble those of a real human. The process of learning, changing, and maturing is a realistic representation of every individual. Yet, as Don Quixote and Sancho Panza did‹through each other‹ facilitates every individuals personal quest to find his own reality. This is, perhaps, the most significant human process of them all.

William Shakespeare s Julius Caesar - 1819 Words

Julius Caesar Many of Shakespeare’s tragedies illustrate the concept of power through different forms. Shakespeare (1564-1616) wrote plays through the Elizabethan era. Shakespeare’s plays were performed at the Globe theatre in London and were highly regarded by nobles, with the legacy of his body of works immense having written 37 plays and 154 sonnets. He is considered the most influential writer of English Literature. Many of Shakespeare’s works reflected the values and anxieties of the Elizabethan period including the issue of succession and authority as Queen Elizabeth was getting old, and the prospect of civil war between the Catholics and Puritans. Power, in England during this time, was unstable and in many ways questionable, Shakespeare hints at this idea in many of his plays. Julius Caesar (1599) is a tragic drama based off historical evidence. Set in Rome, the play follows the assassination of Roman General Julius Caesar by Brutus and the aftermath of this. In Julius Caesar Shakespeare constructs power in different shapes throughout the play. In Julius Caesar, political power is closely linked to popularity. This means that a character s ability to represent himself to the public in a favourable way is important. For example, the conspirators spend more time debating how their actions will be perceived than they do discussing the justice of their acts. During act 1 scene 2 Brutus and Cassius talk about wanting to kill Caesar, however they worry about how theyShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar1082 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Et tu, Brutà ©? Then fall Caesar† (III.i 179). The fatal stabs of the conspirators did not kill the all-mighty Julius Caesar, for the sharp butcher of Brutus pierced his heart and condemned his life to cessation. This dramatic, mood changing affair serves as the pivotal platform in William Shakespeare’s, Julius Caesar. It is a compelling novel that recounts the unjust murder of Julius Caesar, an ancient Roman general. Oblivious to this conspicuous foreshadowing, Caesar fails to distinguish his trueRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar Essay1833 Words   |  8 Pages INTRODUCTION The seemingly straightforward simplicity of â€Å"Julius Caesar† has made it a perennial favourite for almost 400 years. Despite its simplicity, almost Roman in nature, the play is rich both dramatically and thematically, and every generation since Shakespeare’s time has been able to identify with some political aspect of the play. The Victorians found a stoic, sympathetic character in Brutus and found Caesar unforgivably weak and tyrannical. As we move into the twenty-first century, audiencesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar Essay2414 Words   |  10 Pages Christa Kiesling AP Lang Block 1 Mr. Snider 6 Nov. 2016 RA1 William Shakespeare, in his historical play Julius Caesar, makes the characters Brutus and Antony utilize rhetorical strategies in order to win the favour of the Roman people for their own purposes. These two speakers try to convince the audience of different things: where Brutus, who speaks first, was trying to subdue the passions of the mob and use logic to win acceptance for his murderous actions, Antony, who had to follow Brutus, wasRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar760 Words   |  4 Pagespeople of Rome. In Julius Caesar written by William Shakespeare, Brutus and Antony address the people over Caesar’s dead body. The body is brought to the town square shortly after he was murdered by the Senate. Brutus, one of the murderers, appeals to the people’s fear and patriotism. Antony speaks after and puts doubts of the justification of the murder and plays to the people’s hearts. Brutus addresses the crowd by using his reputation to support his reasons for killing Caesar. He starts his speechRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar804 Words   |  4 Pagesthe phenomenal, as well as tyrannical, Roman rulers throughout history, Julius Caesar is by far the most prominent. This fame is due in no small part to William Shakespeare and his play that bears the same name. However, although Caesar is the play’s namesake, the story’s central focus is on Brutus and Caius Cassius and their plot to assassinate Caesar. When discussing Antony’s fate in Act II scene 1 of Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, Brutus argues against what he perceives as the unnecessary and brutalRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Tragedy Of Julius Caesar919 Words   |  4 Pageschoices that eventually bring about their demise. At first glance, Caesar may appear to be the tragic hero, when the real tragedy actually lies in Brutus’s story in William Shakespeare s p lay The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. One tray a tragic hero must posses is that they are relatable. The play may be named for Caesar, but the reader simply knows more of Brutus and his motives, which help to make his story a tragedy more so than Caesar s. Brutus’ thoughts, actions, and history are made more apparentRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Tragedy Of Julius Caesar1508 Words   |  7 Pages William Shakespeare’s play, â€Å"The Tragedy of Julius Caesar† was mainly based on the conspiracy to assassinate Julius Caesar. â€Å"Julius Caesar† is a play based on rhetoric and politics. Rhetoric is the science of manipulation. Marcus Brutus, a Senate and a beloved friend of Caesar stood as the face among the conspirators leading the assassination of Julius Caesar. Aristotle said, â€Å"A man doesn’t become a hero until he can see the root of his downfall†. He defined a tragic hero as someone who is highlyRead MoreThemes Of William Shakespeare s Julius Caesar 2063 Words   |  9 Pages Theme, Mood and Conflict in Julius Caesar Savannah Baine â€Å"Come I to speak at Caesar’s funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me. But Brutus says that he was too ambitious, and Brutus is an honorable man .† Mark Antony (Act 3,Scene 2,Line 85). â€Å"Julius Caesar† by William Shakespeare, is a classic play depicting the death of Caesar and the chaos that ensues afterwards. One theme in this play is fate vs. free will, the mood is seriousRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar1721 Words   |  7 Pagesusually stems from their own deep rooted hatred of a person and is often in some way personally benefiting to themselves. However, this is not the case of Brutus in Shakespeare’s play, Julius Caesar. Brutus’s plan to murder Julius Caesar does not make him a villainous man but a rather noble one. Despite his plot against Caesar, Brutus’s intentions were always one-hundred percent honorable. The first instance in the play where the reader learns of just how honorable a man Brutus is, is in Act 1, SceneRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar1201 Words   |  5 PagesDellinger English II 4/18/17 Julius Caesar There are many people you may have heard of that lived during 100 B.C.- 10 A.D. in Rome. Some of those people include Marcus Brutus, Cleopatra, Mark Antony, and Julius Caesar. In this paper I will be talking about Julius Caesar. And while doing so I will be talking about his early/personal life, his career, and his assassination. Julius Caesar was born July 12. B.C. as Gaius Julius Caesar, to Aurelia Cotta, and Gaius Julius Caesar. Julius was born with the Neurological

Adhd Research Paper 1 - 2246 Words

TERM RESEARCH PAPER ON ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Introduction Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (â€Å"ADHD†) is a common childhood disorder that represents developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, impulsivity and overactivity. It occurs in 3% to 5% of the school age population as stated by (Craighead, Craighead, Kazdin Mahoney, 1994). Another author (Barkley, 1981) stated that ADHD occurs in at least one child in every classroom. As a result of these statistics, ADHD has become one of the most commonly referred and heavily studied psychological disorders of childhood. Studies show that about 50-60% of children with ADHD in the age range of five to seven years are hostile and defiant. By the†¦show more content†¦Some major causal variables that have been identified are categorised as neurological factors, toxic reactions, genetic linkages and environmental factors. However, most of the available evidence found, points to neurological factors, which are imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain, a nd genetic variables as the primary causes of ADHD. The environmental factors and toxic reactions (such as lead exposure and food additives) are considered very minimal causes of ADHD. The search for causes of ADHD continues. There are many variables which are biological or thought to have an affect on biological functioning. Assessment of ADHD An evaluation of a child with ADHD includes multiple assessment techniques. The main goals of the assessment are:- 1. to gather information about the developmental deviance of ADHD symptoms or other behavioural problems. 2. to rule out other psychiatric, learning or emotional problems that may be causing inattention, impulsivity, and/or overactivity. 3. to determine the degree of consistency between the sources and across situations with respect to reports of behaviours associated with ADHD. 4. to identify and prioritise targets for intervention. Conducting interviews with parents, teachers and the child. To determine the four factors just mentioned, the following methods are used:- 1. Interviews - to be conducted with parents, teachers and the child 2. Rating Scales - to compare the child’sShow MoreRelatedAdhd Research Paper - 13087 Words   |  13 PagesADHD Research Paper Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) seems to be the affliction of this generation of children. It seems more prevalent every year. However, diagnosis criteria for ADHD is so subjective, what qualifies, who qualifies? There is no specific clinical cause for ADHD but it obviously exists. So many questions remain to be answered about ADHD. Are more children really being diagnosed with ADHD annually and is it really on the rise as it appears? Are too many children beingRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Introduction Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), once called hyperkinesis or minimal brain dysfunction, is one of the most common mental disorders among children. (Elia, Ambrosini, Rapoport, 1999) It affects 3 to 5 percent of all children, with approximately 60% to 80% of these children experiencing persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood, causing a lifetime of frustrated dreams and emotional pain. There are two types of attentionRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1243 Words   |  5 Pages ADHD induces Learning Disorder Student’s Name Institution Introduction 　　　　Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and learning disorder are two mental conditions that mostly affect children. They are caused by a mixture of environmental and genetic factors relating to affected children. Even there are similar characteristics of the two conditions; they are distinct in features and occurrence. However, it is the similarity of the two conditions that has drawn the attentionRead MorePrevalence Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Between Europe And North America1097 Words   |  5 Pagespage) a. What is ADHD i. A disorder commonly diagnosed in children. ii. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – a condition with symptoms such as inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity (affects the way you focus). iii. A behavioral disorder that affects 1 in 20 children in the USA. iv. Those with ADHD differ in balance of â€Å"neurotransmitters†, a chemical found in the brain, and also in the size and operation of â€Å"prefrontal cortex†, a component in the brain. b. Goal of paper i. Review currentRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1278 Words   |  6 Pagesfunctions differently. They may have what’s called ADHD. ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM IV) states that â€Å"the essential feature of ADHD is a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequent and serve than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development† (p.78). There are three subtypes of ADHD: Predominantly hyperactive- impulsive, predominantlyRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1462 Words   |  6 PagesADHD – Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a predominant childhood disorder that can continue through adolescence and adulthood. There are three classes hyperactive-impulsive, inattentive, and combined. ADHD is typically shown with being inattentive, hyperactive, and impulsive. By 2011 there were 11% of school-aged children with a history of a diagnosis of ADHD (CDC, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to discuss ADHD in a whole, from whenRead MoreTeaching Students with Adhd1433 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching Students with ADHD J. Palmer Capella University Abstract In recent history, the number of students diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder has grown tremendously; causing teachers to face new challenges on how to instruct students with behavioral and learning difficulties. Students with ADHD have not only the privilege, but also the right to learn according to the Public Law 94-142 and the Americans with Disabilities Act. There is growing debate about methods that areRead MoreAttention Deficit / Hyperactive Disorder ( Adhd )1166 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) has become one of the most commonly diagnosed mental health disorders in children and adolescent. â€Å"ADHD is defined as a chronic condition marked by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and sometimes impulsivity.† (Disney, 1999) There is concern about the possible connection between ADHD to substance use and abuse, during childhood and adolescence, since it is such an important developmental stage in life. â€Å"Substance abuse disorder is definedRead MoreYouth Side Effects1116 Words   |  5 Pagesidentification and treatment may prompt enhanced results for these adolescent. The articles in this unique area shed light on the advancement of and hazard factors for BPD, with an emphasis on the juvenile and youthful adulthood period. One hypothetical paper expands the comprehension of the value-based nature between early connection encounters and feeling control to help clarify the advancement of feeling dysregulation that is a key segment of the indication of BPD amongst youth (Hughes, Crowell, UyejiRead MoreExamples Of ADHD In Adolescence1276 Words   |  6 PagesADHD in Adolescence 1. Website 1- https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html I chose to focus my website comparison paper on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder primarily because I am an educator and a mother of 3. I believe this assignment will serve as a dual purpose in understanding how to recognize a website that will provide me with valid information, as well as educating me on the disorder. My first website of interest was https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html , I visited this website

What Tillie Olsen s Her Life Story - 898 Words

When reading the story and getting to know Tillie Olsen s this could be her life story. The birth of her first daughter, Karla, at age nineteen. Karla s father was not a constant presence in her life, and even Olsen herself at times had long periods of time when she lived away from her daughter when she was a child â€Å"After a while I found a job hashing at night so I could be with her days, and it was better. But it came to where I had to bring her to his family and leave her It took a long time to raise the money for her fare back† (pg. 271). In 1929, Olsen began a journey of low paying jobs as a hotel maid, packinghouse worker, linen checker, waitress, laundry worker, factory worker and secretary, in Kansas, Missouri, and Minnesota, in time moving to California. In 1932, her first daughter, Karla, was born and her journey was expanded as a single mother in an era where the term â€Å"women didn’t work† validated the stereotype of women of what was consider ed as a woman s job (Olsen, T 2015). She was jailed for organizing packinghouse workers in Omaha and Kansas City, and became involved in labor, social and political causes of the depression era. It was while recovering from inflammatory disease and tuberculosis as an effect of the factory conditions along with the time she spent in jail she began writing (Olsen, T 2015). In spite of the refusal by public dignitaries to accept the conditions of the country the prove was that it was affecting citizens lives every day.Show MoreRelatedEssay on I Stand Here Ironing by Tillie Olsen668 Words   |  3 PagesI Stand Here Ironing by Tillie Olsen A good example of Modernism is a short story called I Stand Here Ironing by Tillie Olsen. This story not only portrays gender roles but also family roles. Here the narrator is a mother giving the reader a glimpse into her life, choices she made as a mother, and being a single parent. Through her defense of her situation, she exposes to the reader the underlying insecurities that riddle her mind about her mothering. The tale opens with the narratorRead MoreThe Great Depression : An Age Of Female Enlightenment1696 Words   |  7 Pageslong been portrayed as an age of female enlightenment, as women made their way to equality and cracked the foundations of women s sphere. American women protested against the traditional views of the female as moral guardian and domestic servant for the household and challenged the nation to accept their egalitarian beliefs. But after the initial rush of support for women s rights with the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920, the feminist movement diminished towards the end of the 20s and all butRead MoreThe Feminist Movement : The Yellow Wallpaper And I Stand Here Ironing Essay1770 Words   |  8 Pagescome a long way. The feminist movement first sparked in the late 1840’s. Women such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton served as trailblazers for the Women’s Suffrage movement. The early suffragettes set the stage for many more changes to come for American society (â€Å"United States Suffrage†). Among the women who did their part to gain equality were Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Tillie Olsen, authors of the short stories â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing.† These works both actRead More I Stand Here Ironing: Character Analysis of Emily Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesThe short story â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing† (1961) by Tillie Olsen is a touching narration of a mother trying to understand and at the same time justifying her daughter’s conduct. Frye interprets the story as a â€Å"meditation of a mother reconstructing her daughter’s past in an attempt to express present behavior† (Frye 287). An unnamed person has brought attention and concern to her mother expressing, â€Å"‘She’s a youngster who needs help and whom I’m deeply interested in helping’† (Olsen 290). Emily is aRead More Growing Up in I Stand Here Ironing Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing up The oppression of women by society has never been a secret. Many times it has been documented in works of literature, and one classical example of this occurrence is I Stand Here Ironing by Tillie Olsen. This story illustrates the consequences of oppression in womens lives. The story leads the reader on an exploratory journey to witness the neglect by Emilys extremely guilty mother. This is described by the childrens cry when they are left with strangers, lacking attention and loveRead MoreI Stand Here Ironing973 Words   |  4 PagesA Victim of Depression In the 1930’s, America was hit with the worst economic depression of the twentieth century. It lasted over a decade and resulted in twenty five percent of the population without jobs. What was once the land of opportunity was now the land of desperation. In â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing† a mother looks back on her struggle of raising her daughter Emily, during the great depression. The author, Tillie Olsen, uses the setting of the book to explain the decisions the mother made andRead MoreA Marxist And Feminist Literary Criticism1243 Words   |  5 Pagesthe 1930’s was not an easy job. Especially when society had so many chips stacked against them. Tillie Olsen’s â€Å"I stand Here Ironing† is a short story that addresses feminine social disorders and inequalities as well as economic disadvantages that people of lower circumstances have to overcome to survive. In the short story it is basically an autobiography of Tillie Olsen’s life told by th e narrator (Emily’s mother). Throughout the story the narrator is reflecting the way she brought up her daughterRead MoreI Stand Here Ironing: The 1950s Woman Essay examples888 Words   |  4 PagesWhat do Betty from Pleasantville, June from Leave it to Beaver, and Donna Reed from The Donna Reed Show all have in common? They all represent the image of the perfect housewife in the 1950s. They represent women who gladly cooked, cleaned, dressed in pearls and wore high heals while waiting for their all-knowing husbands to come home. They represent women who can only find fulfillment in male domination and nurturing maternal love. Tillie Olsen, as a single mother with four children (204)Read MoreI Stand Here Ironing, By Tillie Olsen And Girl By Jamaica Kincaid1440 Words   |  6 Pagesthe opinions they have as an adult, reviewing the actions of their mother when they were young. These opinions set the tone of the story independently and in conjunction with the relationship itse lf and manifest in creative literary styles that weave an even more intricate story. Case in point, when reviewing the two literary works â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing† by Tillie Olsen and â€Å"Girl† by Jamaica Kincaid. Both authors describe, through the voice of an adult while using the memories of a child, their perspectiveRead MoreAnalysis Of Anton Chekhov s The Lottery Ticket 1378 Words   |  6 PagesIn Anton Chekhov s â€Å"The Lottery Ticket†, we are presented with a couple who, half-believing they have won the lottery, give themselves over to daydreaming what the future may hold with their winnings. The point of view is that of the husband though it is clear, throughout, that his thoughts find their echo in his wife s. At first his thoughts are pleasant but then, knowing the winnings would be his wife s and not his own, he sees trouble ahead, and becomes resentful of her. Only when he checks

Video Game Effects On Young Children And Young Adults Essay

. VIDEO GAME EFFECTS ON YOUNG CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS Carlsbad, California Legoland is consists of video games, and Angry Birds Theme Park in China Universal Studios in Hollywood, California both also involve video game entertainment, therefore everywhere you go videogames follow! Obviously, the better technology gets the more accessible video games are becoming. Over 90% of the young adults and young children population play video games in the United States play video games. Unfortunately, 90% of those games involve mature content that often includes violence (â€Å"Little By Little, Violent Video Games Make Us More Aggressive†). Many parents think nothing of supplying these video games for their kids because they want to see them as happy as possible. But little do they know as they grow, their minds and all the experiences they go through, stick with them forever. Although guardians can be the best parents, video games can raise some kids themselves. Video games make a huge impact on youth, who play them for an excessive amo unt of time; these video games are preventing them from having an open mind and flourishing in their lives. Playing violent games can and does stir hostile urges and mildly aggressive behavior in the short term. Adolescents spend so much time on their video games, putting thoughts of shooting, cursing, and extreme acts of violence in their head; they spend an extreme amount of time on video games. Children who are so attached to the video games doShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On Children And Young Adults2096 Words   |  9 PagesVideo games have been a part of the lives of millions since the 70s when the original pong game came out. They have since evolved into games of violence and aggression in almost all video games that kids think are â€Å"fun†. Violent video games today affect children and young adults in a negative manor and promote aggressive behavior and can be a bad influence on their undeveloped minds. Children are so easily influenced because their frontal lobe, which is the decision making part of the brain, is notRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Soc iety And Corrupts Children And Young Adults Into Doing Bad Things1399 Words   |  6 PagesVideo games have been the subject of many criticisms throughout the years. One of the main criticisms is that violence in video games causes violence in society and corrupts children and young adults into doing bad things. A game series that is constantly in the spotlight of this criticism is none other than the Rockstar Games’ series Grand Theft Auto. The most recent implementation in the popular franchise is GTA V, which follows three main protagonists throughout their daily lives and involvementsRead MoreThe Effect of Violence in the Media on the Minds of Adolescents1539 Words   |  6 Pagesfilter what our children are exposed to. The media doesn’t force the violence on the young children, but they are setting standards for what children may think is ordinary behavior or language. (Felson) Violence is found in almost everything anymore, regardless of the movie, show or vide o games. There is some type of violence involved, and it’s almost becoming â€Å"normal†. (Felson) With forcefulness being observed in animations, sports, sitcoms and dramas, it’s likely to make children believe that thisRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Young Children1742 Words   |  7 Pages Observational Learning the Young Child Luciana D. Lavilaire Florida International University Prof. Marie Daurel - P. 1 Abstract This paper intends to bring awareness to the harmful effects of the media on young children. Through this paper, I will investigate the claim that television promotes observational learning. I will describe the obscenities the media exposes to children. With that, I will explain how the media causes aggression in consumers, especially those of youth. ThisRead MoreVideo Games : An Unhealthy Lifestyle1289 Words   |  6 Pages Children these days who are more focused on playing video games are at risk of having an unhealthy physical lifestyle. Video games play a part in a child’s health in that it could be the reason they do not get enough physical activity. This could lead to an unhealthy lifestyle in which they could become overweight and continue to be overweight as young adults. According to Melchior, Chollet, Fombonne, Surkan, and Dray-Spira’s research they stated â€Å"Young adults who reported playing video games onceRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effect On Society1184 Words   |  5 PagesIn recent years, many scholars have begun to examine the negative effects of media violence. There is a debate on whether negative effects directly derive from media violence. Because media violence has been proven to have a negative effect on society, this essay will argue that there needs to be more censorship on media violence. I will first examine the influence media violence has on mass shoot ings. Next I will discuss a study relating to dating violence, certain movies and shows encourage datingRead MoreThe Effects of Video Games on Children1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Video Games on Children Technology today has progressed rapidly from generation to generation. Children and young adults are both into video games and the latest gadgets out there. Video games have been available to customers for the last 30 years. They are a unique way to entertain individuals because they encourage players to become a part of the games script. Victor Strasburger an author of â€Å"Children, Adolescents, and the media† stated â€Å"The rising popularity of video games hasRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On The Media1550 Words   |  7 PagesThe effect of violence in the media is a big controversy; some say it affects are society and others say that there is not any proof of this. There are many theories on how violence in media does, and how it does not, affect our society. Many people claim watching television or even playing video games will affect children’s or young adults’ minds. Researches claim that they found no evidence of change in aggressiveness in childre n or young adults while playing video games. Researchers allowed childrenRead MoreThe Effects Of Screen Time On Childhood And Young Adult Development1324 Words   |  6 PagesInstructor: Andrew Ash 2/13/17 The effects of â€Å"screen Time† on childhood and young adult development The revolution of social media and smart technology began with advancements in knowledge of how things can all come together. We are now in an age where there is technology all around us, and everything has become â€Å"smart† including our phones to our tv. Which has changed the way we communicate and go through life. These advancements in technology have had an effect on those of the younger generationRead MoreVideo Games And The Video Game945 Words   |  4 Pagesentertainment which was the video game. It all started with Atari’s first console, which only had a simple game of tennis. Since then, many other companies released game consoles such as the Xbox, Playstation, and Nintendo 64. Although many adults participated in this association, children were the main crowd of this attraction, in the next following decades, children that play video games will gain remarkable techniques. As a result, video games have positively influenced children that would enhance menta l

The two heroes of industrialization Free Essays

The Two Heroes of Industrialization During the late 1800s, many people began to start their own companies. Two of the most famous entrepreneurs, Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller, were the most renown of these people. We will write a custom essay sample on The two heroes of industrialization or any similar topic only for you Order Now Their success is seen through all the things that are named after them – the Carnegie Library, Carnegie Hall, Carnegie Mellon University, Rockefeller Foundation, Rockefeller Center, and many more. Though they may seem very much alike, these two businessmen share differences as well. Despite the fact that Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller gained their position in two diverse ways, they both had illustrious companies with discontented workers. These industrialists certainly got to where they were in two very different ways. Carnegie is famous for going from â€Å"rags to riches. † He defines the American Dream. Starting out as an immigrant, he worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. He was then promoted, and was able to buy stock. From the investment money, he started his own company – Carnegie Steel Company. From there, he went on to be a ealthy entrepreneur and philanthropist. Rockefeller, on the other hand, achieved his position In a more realistic way. Together with other people, he formed illegal trusts. Luckily, it proved to be a success. His wealth came from his famous company, Standard 011 Company. After the founding of his company, he sold oil for low prices In order to drive out his competitors, then once he had a monopoly, he would raise the price again. Rockefeller proves to be model for economic success. Since these Industrialists had large companies, they needed workers to run them. Carnegie and Rockefeller did not pay them much, or else It wouldnt be profitable. The workers had six to seven day work weeks, no holidays or vacations, and had to come to work on sick days. The Injuries were common, for many of the workers were Inexperienced. The laborers at this point were unsatisfied, and had to stand up for themselves. They formed labor unions In order to fight the companies. A few people died because of the attack between the workers and companies. Carnegie and Rockefeller both went through laborers’ complaints, dissatisfaction, and aggression. These two businessmen reached their economic success In unlike ways, yet both had eminent companies and displeased workers. Without their efforts, the world wouldn’t be where It Is right now. Thanks to them and their contributions, many companies, colleges, and organizations have been established. Rockefeller, on the other hand, achieved his position in a more realistic way. success. His wealth came from his famous company, Standard Oil Company. After the founding of his company, he sold oil for low prices in order to drive out his Since these industrialists had large companies, they needed workers to run them. Carnegie and Rockefeller did not pay them much, or else it wouldn’t be profitable. come to work on sick days. The injuries were common, for many of the workers were inexperienced. The laborers at this point were unsatisfied, and had to stand up for themselves. They formed labor unions in order to fght the companies. A few people These two businessmen reached their economic success in unlike ways, yet both wouldn’t be where it is right now. Thanks to them and their contributions, many How to cite The two heroes of industrialization, Papers

Event Management Of Winter Olympics Sochi â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Event Management Of Winter Olympics At Sochi? Answer: Introduction The Olympic Game is a famous international event of sports that features sports competitions where a large number of athletes from all around the world take part. It is considered to be the foremost sports competition in which more than 200 nations take part in. The Winter Olympics that was held at Sochi was the first one to be held at Russia after break up of the Soviet Union. 98 events were held in the arena of 15 winter sport events (Persson and Petersson 2014). The winter Olympics were organized on a large scale and the event Project management and administration is worthy to be reckoned with that can inspire other sporting events. Formation Stage of Sochis Winter Olympics The foremost task while organizing a Olympic game will be the bringing together of renowned event specialists who have made a distinct name for themselves in the arena of organization and who will be able to work together with other professionals, technical crew and performers (Halchin et al. 2014). Many event planning committees came together in order to arrange the gala event of the 2014 Winter Olympics. A lot of effort was taken to arrange for media coverage that will play a crucial role for the worldwide broadcast of the event. 5 million schoolchildren in Russia was enlightened about the values associated with Olympics. Special courses were designed for university students highlighting technical aspects related to games. More than 25,000 volunteers made interaction with Olympians and spectators. The volunteers took care of 17 arenas of activity that included that of transport, anti-doping as well as medical services (Kiktev et al. 2017). Growth Stage of Sochis Winter Olympics Many buildings were built during this period that followed the norms of the Green Standards. The lighting system was energy efficient and the system of heat recovery was in tandem with maintaining the green standards. The Sochi Organising Committee played a great part for the popularity of the game and they invested a large sum of RUB 16.2 billion for supporting development projects that were sustainable. Co-ordination was made with the United Nations Development Programme along with that of United Nations Environmental Programme in order to ensure that the games are sustainable (Hutchings et al. 2015). The Organising Committee Sochi worked along with British firms in order to ensure that the venues were in accordance with the UK BREEAM standard. Improvements have been made within the framework of the society which was winess to upgraded infrastructure and saw the creation of new jobs. The quality of life improved in exchange of years that was spent on disruption along with that of c onstruction. Sochi can now boast of bypass roads that help in avoiding heavy traffic in its primary thoroughfare. It also facilitated a quick road connection that ran from coast alongside to the mountains. New power stations that were built enabled energy supply that could be relied upon. Urban planning was the main agenda and facilities for those who were mobility-impaired like wheelchair users were looked after. Staging of Winter Olympics at Sochi The format of the games were made extremely compact setting the stage for a having a unique experience for the athletes along with fans at Sochi. The Olympic Park that was referred to by the name of Coastal Clutter was home to a gamut of venues in relation to ice competition and each were very close to each other. The finale saw the bringing together of highlights from last four years. A large number of artists who hailed from 70 regional areas of Russia performed at a large number of venues. Game time performance was inclusive of a ballet gala event and the special draw was throat singing from Chukchi region and playing of Kuban traditional Cossack tune (Chu 2015).Lezginka dancing that originated from Dagestan would also be another event that would draw the attention of the audience. An entertainment programme would also be held that would include an exhibition that will focus on cultural diversity and craft belonging to different ethnic groups. The opening ceremony screened a video that showed Liza Temnikova who is 11 year old portraying a character by the name of Lyubov who was reading out Russian alphabet where each individual letter was related to a renowned Russian person. Opening ceremony of the games laid stress on classical music and on productions that were large in scale. (Petersson 2014). In the finale, Maria Sharapova brought in the Olympic torch and it was handed over to Yelena Isinbayeva who is a pole vaulter and it was again handed over to Aleksandr Karelin who is a wrestler. Future Development of the Olympics The Olympic Games is a cultural phenomenon in the international arena that is growing thoroughly at a steady pace and its influence is increasing in the modern age. A huge number of cities in the developing world wants to host Olympics. The Olympic games can act as a valuable tool that will strengthen economic structure of the modern cities. Hosting Olympic games is held to be urban developmental strategy that will provide a large number of benefits in the area of infrastructure development (Van Rheenen 2014). The Olympic games will help the local economies to adjust themselves to the global markets and it would help in increasing the competitiveness. The producer services were given more importance that led to the formation of new urban hierarchy. Increasing complexity in relation to financial system worldwide has paved the path for the formation of global cities that was a dominant factor in relation to international economy (Lenskyj 2016). Recommendations Efforts should be made to train and coach the sportsmen that will lead to improving their performance. Training schedules should be conducted on annual basis that would ensure continuity in the arena of training. Experienced sports doctors should be employed who would look after their dietary requirements. Physiologists and physiotherapist should be always at the disposal of the sportsmen and yoga instructors will play a crucial role in calming the nerves of the players and decreasing their mental stress. Doping should be kept in check and the athletes should be checked on regular basis (Alekseyeva 2014). Monitoring system that would be web-based should be developed that would keep a track of performance levels of the athletes. There should be monitoring parameters in relation to different discipline. Conclusion: An Olympic game brings together renowned event specialists and they will be working along with other professionals, technical crew and performers. Green Standards were maintained during the hosting of the Winter Olympics that was held at Sochi in 2014. The lighting system was energy efficient and the system of heat recovery was in line with green standards (Kirilenko, and Stepchenkova 2017). Media coverage will play a pivotal role for broadcasting the event on worldwide basis. Opening ceremony of the games laid stress on classical music and productions of large scale was the highlight of the event. Yoga instructors and psychologists would play a crucial role in decreasing the mental stress of the players. It is highly recommended that doping should be kept in check because the athletes often take recourse to this for satisfying their mental agony. Monitoring system that is web-based would be able keep a record in relation to the performance of the players. References: Alekseyeva, A., 2014. Sochi 2014 and the rhetoric of a new Russia: Image construction through mega-events.East European Politics,30(2), pp.158-174. Chu, M.P., 2015. Xi Jinping at Sochi: leveraging the 2014 Winter operations for the China Dream.Asia Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science,4(2), pp.124-133. Halchin, E., Rollins, J.W., Tiersky, A. and Woehrel, S., 2014. The 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics: Security and Human Rights Issues. Hutchings, S., Gillespie, M., Yablokov, I., Lvov, I. and Voss, A., 2015. Staging the Sochi winter Olympics 2014 on Russia Today and BBC World News: From soft power to geopolitical crisis.Participations: Journal of Audience Reception Studies. Kiktev, D., Joe, P., Isaac, G.A., Montani, A., Frogner, I.L., Nurmi, P., Bica, B., Milbrandt, J., Tsyrulnikov, M., Astakhova, E. and Bundel, A., 2017. FROST-2014: The Sochi Winter Olympics International Project.Bulletin of the American management Society, (2017). Kirilenko, A.P. and Stepchenkova, S.O., 2017. Sochi Olympics on Twitter: Topics, Geographical Landscape, and Temporal Dynamics. InAnalytics in Smart Tourism Design(pp. 215-234). Springer International Publishing. Lenskyj, H.J., 2016. Sochi 2014 Olympics: Accommodation and Resistance. InSport, Protest and Globalisation(pp. 311-334). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Persson, E. and Petersson, B., 2014. Political marketing and the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi: Olympism and the Russian great power myth.East European Politics,30(2), pp.192-209. Petersson, B., 2014. Still Embodying the Myth? Russia's Recognition as a Great Power and the Sochi Winter Games.Problems of Post-Communism,61(1), pp.30-40. Van Rheenen, D., 2014. A skunk at the garden party: the Sochi Olympics, state-sponsored homophobia and prospects for human rights through mega sporting events.Journal of Sport Tourism,19(2), pp.127-144.

Distribution Channel of Banas Dairy free essay sample

The present study is conducted in the Banas Dairy sales area Genesis of Banas Dairy Late ShriGalbhabhai Patel established Banas Dairy with the dream of uplifting socio economic status of village farmers. This dream was fulfilled through the creation of a co-operative milk union for Banaskantha district, on the footprint of â€Å"Amul Dairy† of Kaira district, the ideal model of a Co-operative. Consequently eight village level co-operative milk societies in Vadgam and Palanpur taluk Ire registered and started collecting and pouring milk at DudhSagar Dairy, Mehsana from 3rd October 1966. The milk union got registered under Co-operative act on 31st January 1969 as Banaskantha District Co-operative milk producers’ Union Limited, popularly known as Banas Dairy. The foundation stone was laid by Late Galbabhai Nanjibhai Patel on 14th January 1971 at 122 acres land acquired near Jagana village in order to set up a dairy plant under the operation flood program launched by national Dairy development Board. We will write a custom essay sample on Distribution Channel of Banas Dairy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On 7th May 1971’ the dairy started functioning at the same place with a capacity of 1. 5 lakh liters of milk per day. This has now been increased to 24. 3 lakh liters per day. The dairy has three automated plants with a wide 8-9 product lines. The small dream of Shri Galbabhai has now taken the shape of a co-operative of 1350 societies with around 15000 members. With the relentless efforts of dedicated and committed leadership, the dairy has won the trust of milk producers of Banaskantha district and has brought about a happy change in the lives of all its members. It has come up as a major revolution in the upliftment of the residents of the district. Mission and Vision Banas District Cooperative Milk Producers Union Ltd. was established with the prime objective of eliminating the monopoly of private traders and providing the poor farmers the due that they deserve. Along with this it also ensures that the farmers are benefited the maximum out of their operations and activities. The mission of the organization is to provide sustainable means of livelihood to socio-economically downtrodden rural mass, while treading on the path of progress. The organization renews its vision every ten years. It strives to be a successful world class co-operative dairy. The objectives of the organization are clearly expressed through the quality policy, which states that: â€Å"I, the Banas Dairy, commit and aspire to fulfil the needs and expectations of our internal as Ill as external customers and delight them through our quality products and services. I shall achieve the goal through the followings: a). Applying principles of Quality Management Systems and Food Safety Management for continuous enrichment of our management processes. ). Providing remunerating returns, quality input services, introducing innovative and appropriate schemes and services to our milk producers. c). Motivating and providing and encouraging appropriate training for skill up-gradation of our employees. d). Protecting our value system and the environment by judicious use of all natural resources. † India is an agri- oriented country of the world. 70% people are living in rural area so I can say Indian peo ple are living in village the majority of population. The dream of late Galbabhai Patel, founder chairman and the selfless sage to uplift socio- economical status of village farmers came true after creation of a co- operative milk union for banaskantha district, on the foot print of â€Å"Amul Dairy†of kaira presently Anand) district on the model of true co operative milk societies in Vadgam and palanpur taluzka of district Ire registered and started collecting and pouring milk at Dudh Sagar dairy, Mahesana from 10th march 1969.

What is Abuse free essay sample

What is Abuse? What is abuse? Abuse is told to be beating, bleeding, bruising, and burning. Abuse is said to be hurtful, painful, and tearful. Abuse isn’t just about physically hurting someone. Abuse is said to be what it’s not. In a teenager’s world, abuse is all mental. Abuse takes place when the victim doesn’t even realize it is happening. When they finally realized they were abused, the damage has already been done. Abuse not only takes a toll on the mind, but the entire body. They don’t think straight, and they make decisions that could affect them the rest of their life. Abuse is lies. Lies are told to â€Å"protect† feelings, so the truth can’t hurt. Lies are abuse because when a lie is told, it is for a reason. Feelings aren’t in others concern, and they just care about what is best from them. We will write a custom essay sample on What is Abuse? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In most cases, lies are the abuser’s last resort. They don’t seem to care what it takes to get what they want. Teenager’s act on impulse, and don’t think about what is happening until it’s too late. Abuse is lies because knowing they aren’t worth the truth hurts the victim the most. Abuse is verbal. Abuse is what a loved one says, and how they say it. Constantly telling the victim that they’re not good enough, pretty enough, smart enough, or fast enough makes them feel like a piece of trash and disposable. At this point, the victim is convinced that all the ones they care about, don’t care back. How words are said is an impact to the point the abuser is trying to get across. When victims gets yelled at and told they’re hated, makes them feel like a slap to the face would feel so much better. Abuse is verbal. Abuse is pressure. Victims of abuse get pressured into making decisions they don’t want to participate in. Classmates, co-workers, and boyfriends/girlfriends have a persuasive way of making them think the bad decisions they make will make them â€Å"cool†. Being a teenager can make it difficult to say no to peers. I have an older sister. She got pregnant her senior year in high school. She made a few bad decisions which will follow her for the rest of her life. She is currently twenty-one and has a daughter who is three. Her child’s father is still with her and they all live under the same roof. Through out their whole relationship, he has been unemployed. Leaving her to pay all the bills, finish school, and support her new-born child while he runs the streets. I see her almost every day. She looks run down, worn out and dead beat tired. Not an ounce of happiness remains in her. All because she made one decision that she thought would make her â€Å"cool†. Abuse is pressure Abuse is all mental; it isn’t what is seen, but what is felt. When teenagers are abused, it changes who they are whether they know it or not. Although all social groups have their own outlook on abuse, they are outsiders unless they experience it personally. That is the explanation to why abuse has many definitions.

Amenhotep Iv Essays - Amarna Period, Amenhotep III, Amun, Akhenaten

Amenhotep Iv During the time of the New Kingdom of Egypt, peace reigned throughout the nation. Egypt's enemies the Hyksos had been removed from rule and Egypt prospered. In fact she become an empire. By the time Amenhotop III sat on the throne Egypt was a land of wealth. Amenhotop was considered to be an equal or better Among other rulers throughout the area. Other rulers from neighboring lands refer to him as brother. Life in the royal house was grand. He built a huge palace in Thebes which, included a lake built expressly for his wife, Tiye. He also built many temples in the city of Thebes. One such temple was built to Amen. This temple was decorated with gold and silver, precious stones, and many royal statues in granite. He also built a huge temple to Mut, Amen's consort, with 600 statues of the line headed goddess, Sekhent. But most impressive was the temple he built for himself in Lexor. This temple shows the amount of wealth that royal house of Egypt had. It contained 2.5 tons of gold, 215 lbs. of turquoise, 3 tons of electrum, 1.5 tons of bronze and 524 lbs. of copper. There at that temple he built two large statues or colossi at the temple entrance. Not only was the royal house rich but there was also a sense of style throughout the palace. He set the standard for beauty and art. He showed discriminating taste by using his money to patronize many craftsmen. The many paintings and statues of this time show that the artists and craftsmen had great confidence in their ability to paint, sculpt, create jewelry and build. This confidence of course came from the king's desire for beautiful art. Paintings depict Amenhotop as a skilled warrior and hunter, even though Egypt was at piece and he did not have to lead armys into battle. This was considered the traditional role of the Pharaoh. Also during this time music became more elaborate. The lyre was being used after being brought from Asia. And the harp now contained 20 strings. Add to this the lute and double pipes and a full orchestra is now created. There is much trade with Nubia, Asia, Babylonia, and. Mitanni In fact so much gold was being taken out of Nubia that the king could afford to give it as gifts to his brother rulers, such as the king of Babylon, Kallimma-Sin. It was considered an honor for the sister or daughter of a neighboring King to marry the king of Egypt and enter his royal house. These marriages, along with the trade and gifts of gold, helped Egypt stay at peace with its neighbors. There's no doubt that Egypt with this large wealth and army was a force to be reckoned with in the area. And none of Egypt's neighbors had the will to threaten Egypt's power. During this time Egyptians worshiped many gods. The most beloved god was Re, the son god. Egyptian religion revolved around the stable order of things. Yet this was a most adaptable religion. A god's importance was determined by the importance of the city is people worshiped him. Each village and city had its own major god. but depending upon the whims, desires and needs of the people these gods could take on the attributes of other gods, or be combined with other gods to form a more powerful god. Horus, the god of rulers, for example and many combinations or forms. When Thebes became the capital of Egypt it's god Amen became important and was combined with the sun god Re to become Amen-Re. And he was now considered King of gods. Amen-Re was considered responsible for aiding the Kings armies in forcing out the Hyskos. This made the god very popular with people as well as being a powerful state god. Even though he was a powerful god other gods still abounded and were worshiped. Orisis the goddess of death was one such popular goddess. The name Amen means hidden. He was viewed as an unseen god. The god of air. One of the eight gods a pre creation. Because he was the hidden god his shrine was in the

Centre for Enegry, Petroleum, Mineral Law and Policy The WritePass Journal

Centre for Enegry, Petroleum, Mineral Law and Policy ABSTRACT: Centre for Enegry, Petroleum, Mineral Law and Policy ABSTRACT: 1. INTRODUCTION2. HUMAN RIGHTS AND CSR2.1. HUMAN RIGHTS WHICH ARE PARAMOUNT IN EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES2.2.   THE ROLE OF NGOs2.3. THE ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT3. ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES3.1. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND ENVIROMENTAL RIGHTS3.2. WHO ARE THE MAJOR STAKEHOLDERS 3.3. PARTICULAR IMPACT ON IPs4. CSR MEASURES4.1. RESPONSIBILITY OF CORPORATE DIRECTOR4.2. CORPORATE ACCOUNTABILITY  BIBLIOGRAPHYRelated ABSTRACT: The concept of human rights have been if not generally but to some degree understood. How it is important for every man to have his own dignity and freedom to move however not everyone understands how closely related environmental right and human rights are related a health environment gives way to a right to live a healthy life which is one of the first and basic human right â€Å"right to life†. TNCs are due to the nature of their projects closely related to human right issues as well as environmental issues the in most cases constitute the highest number of human rights abuses by their very presence in a community. If the handle the human rights and environmental rights issue adequately then a lot of bloodshed and pollution can be avoided but if not then a lot of harm than good may be the order of the day. This is where CSR comes in the CSR norms help TNCs to avoid disasters from occurring. But the question is, is the CSR norms enough, the companies will have to incorporate them into their policies and not just that but to also develop a strong report system that would help the company filter any form of abuse. Complicity by the company in the face of human rights abuse is also too good. This paper would highlight on cases of abuse and how it affects the local people and how the TNCs can help avoid both human and environmental abuse and NGOs fit in in all of these. 1. INTRODUCTION Human rights are fundamental principles which give any individual the right to freedom of a dignified life, freedom from fear and the freedom to express his/her beliefs.The TNCs should be careful with the effects of mining and exploration activities on the human rights of employees and surrounding communities because obtaining a strong social licence to operate in those communities depends on how much the TNCs respect the human rights of the local people. Integrating human rights rules into core business practice in the mining sector is important, it is a corporate responsibility.   While the basic need to protect and promote human rights is the immediate responsibility of the national governments, TNCs also has a distinct responsibility to respect human rights as well. Some International Companies especially those who are signed under the UN Global Compact, including mining and resource companies refer to human rights in their annual event reports and incorporate and implement hum an rights into their regulations and policies.Chapter two of this research looks at the human rights abuses that are commonly found in extractive industries. Chapter three looks at the environmental impacts of extractive industries and how it affects IPs. Chapter four looks at the CSR measures and how companies and directors are held accountable for their actions and the final chapter concludes and gives recommendations on how CSR can be promoted. 2. HUMAN RIGHTS AND CSR As provided in the OECD Guidelines for TNCs, extractive industries have to respect the human rights of those affected by their activities and practices consistent with both international and national laws of the host government. They also have to contribute to the economic, social and environmental development of the host government with a view to achieving sustainable development. 2.1. HUMAN RIGHTS WHICH ARE PARAMOUNT IN EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES There are distinct human right issues peculiar to extractive industries which concerns all TNC companies. The following are some of the more reoccurring cases of human right abuse: Labour practices with respect to human rights Extractive companies, have a responsibility and duty to make sure that employees enjoy basic labour rights such as, a safe workplace, reasonable living wage, non-discriminatory against sex, HIV and so on collective bargaining and child-labour. Environmental issues with respect to human rights Environmental activities of extractive companies have the tendency to affect a variety of basic rights including the rights to life, good health and an adequate standard of living; which includes access to basic food, clothing, water, housing and sanitation. Governments should also ensure that both multinational and national enterprises provide sufficient safety and health standards for their employees. The government has a duty to ensure the welfare of its citizens. Rights of Indigenous peoples and other community Extractive industries need land or the rights to use it. In most cases, land is already in use by others (IPs), and other times it is part of a community’s ethnic or traditional resources. In most cases land involves the resettlement of communities. Failure to address resettlement, native title and customary land use issues or forced eviction of the IPs, will cause animosity and conflict towards a project. Security issues with respect to human rights Extractive companies often find themselves in conflict-prone countries. This often means that an industry will employ its own security, or rely on law enforcement of the host government to protect assets and employees. In most unfortunate cases they company’s security become involved in local violence. A mining company could be complicit in human rights abuses committed by a security provider. 2.2.   THE ROLE OF NGOs Within the NGO world, there are many different methods or techniques of dealing with TNCs: some try to draw corporations into dialogue or conference sessions where TNCs can express their views, more like a communication link, in order to persuade and convince them to accept voluntary codes of conduct, while others believe that corporations will take action only when their financial interests are ‘on the line’, and therefore take a more adverse stance toward them. The latter view is more in line with labour union strategies and approaches. Confrontational NGOs tend to employ moral stigmatization, or â€Å"naming and shaming,† as their primary tactic, while NGOs that favor engagement offer or propose dialogue and a limited form of cooperation with willing TNCs. There are different reasons why NGOs’ are interest in the business sector, however the most common and the most important reason is the perception or belief that political and economic power has shifted away from governments and toward TNCs. The traditional roles NGOs normal play in cases of human right abuses is to gather information, analysis and dissemination of human rights concerns, the help in advocating for better HRs observance and accountability. The also develop and lobby for human rights laws and standards. They give legal aid and humanitarian relief to victims of human right abuses. They punish TNCs by moral shaming and praise. NGOs promote CSR by research, reporting and media exposure, by dialogue with TNCs, by holding TNCs socially responsible and accountable for their actions. â€Å"In the 1 9 8 0s the corporate social responsibility (CSR) agenda was significantly broadened when, in the wake of Bhopal, Exxon Valdez, and other highly publicized environmental disasters, the NGO environmental movement pressed home the idea that TNCs must also protect the environment, thus further expanding the notion that corporations have social responsibilities. From the early 1990s on, human rights NGOs and other voices within civil society have been calling upon corporations to accept responsibility for promoting labor rights, human rights, environmental quality, and sustainable development. The contemporary CSR movement aims to persuade MNCs to adopt voluntary codes of conduct and implement business practices that incorporate commitments to respect and protect labor rights and human rights as well as the environment. The voluntary CSR approach is not the only NGO strategy. Another influential school of thought within the NGO world views MNCs as constitutionally unredeemable and incapable of voluntarily acting in a socially responsible fashion; companies can only be made to be socially and environmentally accountable by means of economic coercion or through binding legal obligations. Those who take this view look toward the development of a mass social movement that will compel governments to enact enforceable international legal standards that will make TNCs legally accountable to global society. Private voluntary CSR initiatives are viewed as exercises in corporate public relations and as poor substitutes for strict legal regulation. Of ten allied philosophically and strategically with unions, NGO activists who take this view m ay seek to support traditional union organizing efforts to win rights and fair compensation for workers worldwide through collective bargaining agreements with free labou r unions.† 2.3. THE ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT It is the responsibility of the government to protect as well as ensure that the rights of the members of the community are not abused. Recommendations for measures to be taken by the government to avoid further human rights violations in mining communities: 1. Ensure that IPs that get their livelihood from the land receive adequate compensation and access to alternative land for farming and if possible fishing according to Section 74 of the Minerals and Mining Act of 2006; for example the Ghanaian government ensures that the support the Regulation on Compensation for IPs according to the Act as provided as a matter of urgency. 2. Establish and strengthen the mandate and the capacity of a Governmental Environmental body so that it can effectively prevent the contamination and destruction of water sources. 3. Enable and establish laws and courts for the Human Rights cases national and locally to play a decisive role in investigating alleged human rights violations in mining communities, in revising legislation and to educate the people of their human rights 4. to look into cases of alleged human rights violations committed by military and police in this context 5. Ensure that local police is able and trained to act independent of the interests of multinational mining companies. 3. ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT OF EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES Corporate environmental and social responsibility has been seen in recent times to overlap each other. It is a known fact that some business activities have negative environmental implications. Mining, oil drilling, chemical production and waste disposal projects all have possibilities of disrupting or harm ecosystems and the environment, such activities and practices may also compromise the rights of people who are affected. Certain groups may be geographically more vulnerable to environmental pollution because of their way of life, the nature of their economy and socio-economic status. Although international human rights laws contain few clean-cut provisions relating to the environment rights, many fundamental human rights – to life, to health, to privacy, non-discrimination and self-determination, for example – can have significant environmental dimensions. â€Å"In 1972, an international meeting formulated, for the first time, the issue of environmental protection specifically in terms of a â€Å"right to environment† commencing the process of explicitly linking environmental law with human rights. Since then, there has been an increasing recognition international, that â€Å"human rights, an economically sound environment, sustainable development and peace are interdependent and indivisible.† In April 2001, the UN Commission on Human Rights, for the first time concluded that everyone has the right to live in a world free from toxic pollution and environmental degradation†. 3.1. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND ENVIROMENTAL RIGHTS The right to a safe environment has been emphasized as a vital component of fundamental human rights. In most cases, environmental deterioration leads to human rights iniquities and quite often, human rights abuse involves serious ecological interruptions. In the United States, for example, the transformation and fusion of civil rights and environmental justice movements have been especially instrumental in dealing with the problems of inequitable distribution of environmental pollution and associated health effects caused by the activities of powerful corporations and the host government. Strong environmental movements and effective legislative responses to hazardous waste disposal have drastically increased the costs of hazardous waste management, making exporting of industrial wastes quite attractive. Toxic waste dumping represents one of several activities that involve serious human rights abuse, ecological disruptions, and environmental injustice. Other activities such as natural resource exploitation by the state and Multinational Corporations (MNCs), land acquisition, and large-scale economic development projects are also involved with human rights abuse. Over the past years, the world has witnessed a high number of cases which had involved and is still involving ecological and human rights abuses ranging from the military government extermination of indigenous population in Irian Jaya, Indonesia, to ecological assaults and human rights violations in Africa and other developing countries and the all suggest the need to include environmental rights as a significant component of human rights issues. Most recently, increased global awareness of environmental and human rights problems has broadened the civil, political, and socioeconomic rights to encompass environmental dimension. 3.2. WHO ARE THE MAJOR STAKEHOLDERS There are several stakeholders in the CSR effort. These include: government, mining Companies, institutions especially the UNO and its agencies like ILO, the local community, consumers of mineral products, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) suppliers, managers, under-represented stakeholders; The State (Government): Many mineral-rich developing countries generate enormous revenues from mining. Unfortunately, many of them do not have in place, policies that can ensure effective management of such revenues for the well-being of their citizens. The state has a very important role to play in ensuring responsible behaviour by all the other stakeholders, especially the MNCs that operate within their jurisdiction. Indeed, some analysts are of the opinion that governments are the only stakeholders that can have the most impact in creating incentives and disincentives for responsible action. The government can use both regulatory and economic instruments to enhance CSR in the operations of MNCs. The Mining Companies Suffice to emphasise that private investment in mining, as in other commercial undertakings is for the purpose of making profit. In this regard, it is necessary to appreciate the limits of what MNCs can do and what the government can ask them to do. This legitimate aspiration, however, should be without prejudice to the fact that MNCs should pay attention to their conduct as it affects other stakeholders especially with regards to upholding human rights norms. Investors Investors can be warned or informed of potential environmental risks and liabilities and to the benefits for them, from good practice in mining. Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) Increased national and international NGO activity and assistance have improved people’s awareness of their rights, bringing with such awareness a greater articulation of their demands and grievances. Their cases have also been brought forward to the international forum thereby bringing pressure to bear on both states and mining companies for a rectification of some of the worst practices. The role of some NGOs lack transparency and accountability. Development Assistance Agencies/multinational institutions Development assistance institutions such as the World Bank are increasingly coming under pressure to implement environmental and human rights standards within their lending and assistance programmes. There is, however, a lot more to do in the area of implementation of human as well as environmental rights initiatives. The World Trade Organisation with its strong judicial system can go a long way in helping to incorporate human and environmental rights in TNCs policies, simply by demanding for it before have any form of dealings with the said company or host government. Others may include the UN Global contact and ILO. 3.3. PARTICULAR IMPACT ON IPs Some of the recent cases of environmental injustice and human rights violations are: the murder of Francisco Mendes and Wilson Pinheiro in the Amazon rain forest, the public hanging of Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight other members of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) in Nigeria and the massacre of Father Nery Lito Satur and several others in the Philippines,. There have been several other cases of government agents especially in other developing countries, where the host government does nothing to stop human right abuse against members of minority groups and local communities so as   to take over their lands and natural resources. The oppression of indigenous minority groups extends to ecological and environmental degradation. Exploitation and pollution of natural resources, including energy production, timber harvesting, mineral extraction, oil exploration and other industrial projects by MNCs, has caused significant damages. These damages include dislocation and displacement of numerous indigenous and local communities and their entire ways of life. In many developing countries, indigenous peoples, minority groups and other vulnerable and impoverished communities, including subsistence peasants, fishing communities and hunters in some cases traders are generally the victims of environmental pollution mostly caused by resource extractive operations of MNCs in the name of global development. â€Å"Over the past years, there have been about documented cases of hazardous wastes dumping in Eastern Europe, in Asia, in Latin America, and in Africa. Specific cases include dioxin-laden industrial wastes exported from Philadelphia to Guinea and Haiti in 1987; radioactive milk exported to Jamaica by EC in 1978; and other toxic elements exported by Italian firms to the town of Koko in Nigeria; and several other similar cases involving a systematic dumping of hazardous wastes to these regions. Within the past decade, several Third World nations including Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Colombia, Guinea, Haiti, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Syria, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe have been targeted for toxic waste dumping. Increased toxic waste dumping and CO2 emissions are directly related to poor quality of life and adverse health conditions in these countries†. 4. CSR MEASURES CSR measures vary depending on varying factors and geographical location of the TNC. The Australian Parliamentary Joint Committee on Corporations and Financial Services in 2006 in its report: Corporate Responsibility: Managing Risk and Creating Value, stated: That the committee strongly supports further successful involvement in the voluntary CSR measures and wide adoption of corporate responsibility. The committee has formed the view that obligatory methods to regulating director’s actions and to sustainability reporting are not suitable. However some people argue that the government should be   more in CSR related issues. They argue that the host government needs both to improve civil and market regulation of corporations, and also to strengthen corporate law. They agree that the threat of litigation against TNCs is more effective. â€Å"Kolk and van Tulder (2002) critically examine the effectiveness of voluntary corporate codes of conduct by a study of child labour codes developed by six international garment companies. Overall, the research shows that corporate codes are important, though not the only, instruments for addressing child labour. Sandra Polaski reports on an innovative policy experiment in Cambodia that links improvement of workers’ rights with increased orders and market access for the products of the country’s garment factories. The policy originated with the US-Cambodia Textile Agreement, which awarded Cambodia higher garment export quotas into the US market in return for improved working conditions and labor regulations. She concludes that the agreement’s effectiveness has depended on a regulatory role for the ILO, ‘acting as a compliance monitor and government intervention, preventing some apparel producers from free riding on others’†. 4.1. RESPONSIBILITY OF CORPORATE DIRECTOR While some people are of the view that the sole responsibility of the directors are to the shareholders and other financial issues as has been stated in common law others are of the view that directors have the duty to incorporate human rights into the company policies and rules, inform the stakeholders as well as the shareholders any potential human and environmental abuses that may occur in the life of the operation. The should take into account the labour issues, while setting employing rules and any environmental pollution that is inevitable and best to compensate the people involved. 4.2. CORPORATE ACCOUNTABILITY Corporate accountability is all about the TNCs being held accountable for the actions the take especial subsidiaries of International companies abroad in developing countries. For example, KAIROS is concerned about the growing pattern of Canadian extractive companies, whose international activities are having a negative impact on the environment and human rights, including the rights of Indigenous peoples.   KAIROS advocates for binding legislation to hold corporations accountable in Canada for abuses committed internationally. 5. RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION TNCs should, within the framework of both national and international laws, in the communities in which they operate, take a proper account of the need to protect the environment and public health and generally to carry out their practices in a manner contributing to sustainable development. Most importantly, enterprises should: 1. Inaugurate and maintain a system or a scheme of environmental administrative body appropriate to the company. 2. Determine, the foreseeable environmental, health, and safety-related impacts related with the projects of the company over their full life cycle. Where these proposed activities and practices could have noticeable environmental, health, or safety impacts, the company should prepare a proper environmental impact assessment. 3. Support plans for preventing and mitigating environmental and health problems from their operations and to maintain systems for immediate reporting to the competent authorities. 4. To incorporate human right into the company policy and have a strong system for reporting abuses. 5. The company should not take part in local violence and neither should they keep silent when such violence occurs in their area of operation or because of their operation. 6. The company should contribute to the development of environmentally meaningful and economically efficient public policy.   BIBLIOGRAPHY SECONDARY SOURCE BOOKS Boeger, N., Perspectives on Corporate Social Responsibility(Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, United Kingdom, 2008). Mullerat, R., International Corporate Social Responsibility: The Role of Corporations in the Economic Order of the 21st Century (Kluwer Law International, BV, the Netherlands, 2010). Sullivan, R., Business and Human Rights: Delimmas and Solutions (Greenleaf Publishing Limited, United Kingdom, 2003). ARTICLES Adeola,O.F., Environmental Injustice and Human Rights Abuse: The State MNCs and Repression of Amnesty Groups in the World System. Human Ecology Review, Vol.8, No.1, 2009. International Council on Human Rights Policy, Beyond Voluntarism Human Rights and the Developing International Legal Obligations of Concern (February 2002) Tripartite Declaration of Principles Concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy-International Labour Organisation. November 2000 OTHERS INTERNET Australian Human Rights Commission, Good Practice, Good Business 2009, at human rights .gov.au/human_rights/corporate_social_responsibility (last visited on July 9, 2011) Corporate accountability news, at kairoscanada.org/en/sustainability/corporate-accountability/ OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises 2008, at oecd.org/publishing /corrigenda (last visited on July 9, 2011).